Data from a dietary survey of patients in a rehabilitation hospital indicated that their nutrient intake was very low in comparison with the RDAs. Those patients are at risk of developing specific nutritional deficiencies. Recommendations to improve the nutrient intake of this group of elderly persons are given. Even if the "perfect diet" were served, however, a patient's food intake might not be sufficient to meet the RDAs because of lack of appetite or because of elevated requirements owing to various illnesses, multiple drug use, and physiological changes associated with aging. In such a patient, the potentially beneficial use of supplements must be considered.