Clinical evaluation of atlas and deep learning based automatic contouring for lung cancer

Radiother Oncol. 2018 Feb;126(2):312-317. doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2017.11.012. Epub 2017 Dec 5.

Abstract

Background and purpose: Contouring of organs at risk (OARs) is an important but time consuming part of radiotherapy treatment planning. The aim of this study was to investigate whether using institutional created software-generated contouring will save time if used as a starting point for manual OAR contouring for lung cancer patients.

Material and methods: Twenty CT scans of stage I-III NSCLC patients were used to compare user adjusted contours after an atlas-based and deep learning contour, against manual delineation. The lungs, esophagus, spinal cord, heart and mediastinum were contoured for this study. The time to perform the manual tasks was recorded.

Results: With a median time of 20 min for manual contouring, the total median time saved was 7.8 min when using atlas-based contouring and 10 min for deep learning contouring. Both atlas based and deep learning adjustment times were significantly lower than manual contouring time for all OARs except for the left lung and esophagus of the atlas based contouring.

Conclusions: User adjustment of software generated contours is a viable strategy to reduce contouring time of OARs for lung radiotherapy while conforming to local clinical standards. In addition, deep learning contouring shows promising results compared to existing solutions.

Keywords: Atlas contouring; Deep learning contouring; Lung cancer; Organs at risk; Radiotherapy.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / diagnostic imaging
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / radiotherapy*
  • Esophagus / anatomy & histology
  • Esophagus / diagnostic imaging
  • Heart / anatomy & histology
  • Heart / diagnostic imaging
  • Humans
  • Lung / anatomy & histology
  • Lung / diagnostic imaging
  • Lung Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging
  • Lung Neoplasms / pathology
  • Lung Neoplasms / radiotherapy*
  • Machine Learning
  • Mediastinum / anatomy & histology
  • Mediastinum / diagnostic imaging
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Organs at Risk / anatomy & histology*
  • Organs at Risk / diagnostic imaging
  • Organs at Risk / radiation effects
  • Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted / methods*
  • Software
  • Spinal Cord / anatomy & histology
  • Spinal Cord / diagnostic imaging
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed