[Atopic neurodermatitis]

Abstract

Neurodermatitis atopica is a skin disease caused by various different factors and which is characterized by the simultaneous presence of different clinical features. The treatment is directed towards the various aetiopathological factors and oriented on the clinical picture. The main symptom is dry skin, which has to be rehydrated and provided with an artificial film of grease. Dermosteroids are the most efficient antiinflammatory agents, but they can only be used as one of various components of a complete neurodermatitis therapy. New knowledge gained over the past few years has shown the important role of Staphylococcus aureus in this condition, and as a result antibiotic therapy has increased in importance. The use of soap, which was previously not recommended, is now considered to be a useful and beneficial addition to the treatment, thanks to the availability of new alkali-free, disinfectant soaps. In certain cases there is a causal connection with exposure to allergens. Besides treatment of the itching, which is crucial for the patient, stabilization of the psychological factor and, if necessary, changes in the patient's environmental situation are extremely important. Substitution of essential fatty acids and UV therapy are discussed.