A modified laparoscopic technique for liver biopsy in dogs was developed, using an otoscope to observe the liver and to guide the biopsy needle. The procedure was used to obtain liver biopsy specimens from 7 control dogs and 22 treated dogs during studies of the hepatic effects of long-term anticonvulsant drug therapy. In addition, biopsy specimens were obtained from 10 clinical patients with diffuse liver disease. Diagnostic liver specimens were obtained from all dogs with minimal complications. The procedure used basic principles of needle biopsy technique under visual control. It enabled the operator to observe the liver, select a biopsy site, and obtain diagnostic samples quickly, with considerably less expense than by use of fiberoptic laparoscopy. The results of this study indicate that the modified laparoscopic approach is a safe, practical method for liver biopsy in dogs.