Quantitation of saxitoxin in human urine using immunocapture extraction and LC-MS

Bioanalysis. 2018 Feb;10(4):229-239. doi: 10.4155/bio-2017-0156. Epub 2018 Jan 15.

Abstract

Aim: An immunomagnetic capture protocol for use with LC-MS was developed for the quantitation of saxitoxin (STX) in human urine.

Materials & methods: This method uses monoclonal antibodies coupled to magnetic beads. STX was certified reference material grade from National Research Council, Canada. Analysis was carried out using LC-MS.

Results: With an extraction efficiency of 80%, accuracy and precision of 93.0-100.2% and 5.3-12.6%, respectively, and a dynamic range of 1.00-100 ng/ml, the method is well suited to quantify STX exposures based on previously reported cases.

Conclusion: Compared with our previously published protocols, this method has improved selectivity, a fivefold increase in sensitivity and uses only a third of the sample volume. This method can diagnose future toxin exposures and may complement the shellfish monitoring programs worldwide.

Keywords: MS; antibody; immunocapture; liquid chromatography; magnetic beads; marine toxins; saxitoxin.

MeSH terms

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal / immunology
  • Calibration
  • Chromatography, Liquid / methods*
  • Humans
  • Immunologic Tests*
  • Magnets
  • Microspheres
  • Reference Standards
  • Saxitoxin / chemistry
  • Saxitoxin / standards
  • Saxitoxin / urine*
  • Shellfish Poisoning / diagnosis
  • Shellfish Poisoning / urine*
  • Tandem Mass Spectrometry / methods*
  • Time Factors

Substances

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal
  • Saxitoxin