Human papillomavirus (HPV) is an infection that can be sexually transmitted and result in health consequences. Persistent high-risk HPV infection can lead to various cancers and is the essential cause of cervical cancer. HPV vaccine can prevent the HPV infection and thus the incidence of cervical cancer. In this review we introduced the prevalence of HPV infection and vaccination, and the prevention and early detection of cervical cancer. We also introduced the present knowledge and awareness of HPV infection and HPV vaccine in Chinese. Propaganda all over China should be performed on HPV vaccination to improve the vaccination rate, thus preventing the incidence of cervical cancer.
HPV感染可引发多种疾病，其中高危型HPV持续感染会导致多种癌症。目前已知宫颈癌的发生与高危HPV持续感染有关。未感染人群通过接种HPV疫苗可以有效预防HPV感染，宫颈癌也成为目前唯一一种可以使用疫苗预防的癌症。本综述介绍了HPV感染相关疾病的流行病学及其免疫预防和宫颈癌的早期筛查预防，以及目前国人对HPV感染及HPV疫苗的认知情况。目前中国宫颈癌发病率高居全球第2位，但多数国人对HPV感染及HPV疫苗认识严重不足，宫颈癌早期筛查也没有得到重视，而且预防性HPV疫苗最近才被批准在国内上市。因此倡导应尽早开展HPV免疫预防宣传工作，提高适龄人群的疫苗接种率以及危险人群的早期筛查率以预防宫颈癌的发生。.
Keywords: Human papillomavirus; Immunity; Knowledge and awareness; Papillomavirus vaccines.