1 Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, and Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Department of Epidemiology, and Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, and Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, and Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.