Modelling human hard palate shape with Bézier curves

PLoS One. 2018 Feb 15;13(2):e0191557. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191557. eCollection 2018.

Abstract

People vary at most levels, from the molecular to the cognitive, and the shape of the hard palate (the bony roof of the mouth) is no exception. The patterns of variation in the hard palate are important for the forensic sciences and (palaeo)anthropology, and might also play a role in speech production, both in pathological cases and normal variation. Here we describe a method based on Bézier curves, whose main aim is to generate possible shapes of the hard palate in humans for use in computer simulations of speech production and language evolution. Moreover, our method can also capture existing patterns of variation using few and easy-to-interpret parameters, and fits actual data obtained from MRI traces very well with as little as two or three free parameters. When compared to the widely-used Principal Component Analysis (PCA), our method fits actual data slightly worse for the same number of degrees of freedom. However, it is much better at generating new shapes without requiring a calibration sample, its parameters have clearer interpretations, and their ranges are grounded in geometrical considerations.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Computer Simulation
  • Humans
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Models, Anatomic*
  • Palate, Hard / anatomy & histology*
  • Palate, Hard / diagnostic imaging
  • Principal Component Analysis

Grants and funding

This work is part of the "Genetic biases in language and speech project" funded by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO; http://www.nwo.nl) VIDI grant 276-70-022 to DD and hosted by the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.