Objective: To analyze the epidemic characteristics of the imported malaria cases in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in 2014, so as to assess the transmission risk and explore the prevention and control strategy.
Methods: The data of the malaria epidemic situation in the network direct report system of Guangxi in 2014 and the annual report of malaria epidemic situation in 14 cities were collected. The epidemiological information of the imported malaria cases was analyzed.
Results: A total of 184 malaria patients were reported in Guangxi in 2014, with a descent rate of 85.29% when compared to that in 2013 (1 251 cases), and the incidence rate was 0.35/100 000. All the cases were imported from abroad, and four species of Plasmodium were found in their blood samples. The number of falciparum malaria cases was the most (49.46%), followed by the ovale malaria cases (32.07%). All the cases were distributed in 32 counties (districts) of 11 cities, and 65.76% of them were distributed in Shanglin County. Most of the cases were male (98.37%), and those aged in 20-49 years accounted for 87.50%. The imported cases came from 14 countries of Africa (86.41%) and 2 countries of Southeast Asia (13.59%), in which, 48.37% of the cases were imported from Garner. The main occupation of the cases in abroad was gold mining work (86.96%). The cases were reported all the year around, with no obvious seasonality. The interval time of back home to attack of the patients with tertian malaria and ovale malaria was longer.
Conclusions: Africa and Southeast Asia is the main source of imported malaria cases in Guangxi, and the migrant workers returning home may have the risk of malaria recurrence, which should be paid enough attention to.
[摘要]目的 分析2014年广西壮族自治区输入性疟疾病例流行病学特征, 评估传播风险, 探讨防控策略。 方法 收 集2014年广西网络直报系统疟疾疫情数据以及所辖14个地市的疟疾疫情年报表, 对输入性疟疾病例个案的流行病学信 息进行分析。 结果 2014年广西共报告疟疾病例184例, 较2013年 (1 251例) 减少了85.29%, 发病率为0.35/10万, 均为 国外输入性病例。四种疟疾病例均有发现, 恶性疟病例最多, 占49.46%; 卵形疟次之, 占32.07%。病例分布于区内11个 地市中的32 个县 (区), 其中上林县病例数占病例总数的65.76%。病例以男性为主, 占98.37%; 20～49 岁青壮年占 87.50%。病例来自非洲的14个国家和东南亚的2个国家; 非洲输入病例占病例总数的86.41%, 其中加纳输入病例占病 例总数的48.37%; 东南亚输入病例占病例总数的13.59%。病例在国外所从事职业主要为淘金, 占86.96%。全年均有发 病, 无明显季节性。病例报告机构以县级以上医疗机构为主, 间日疟、卵形疟病例回国-发病时间较长。 结论 非洲、东 南亚是广西输入性疟疾病例的主要来源国, 出国务工返乡人员可能存在休眠子所致的疟疾复发风险, 需引起足够重视。.
Keywords: Epidemiological characteristics; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region; Imported malaria; Prevention and control strategy; Recurrence.