Uterine serous carcinoma: Reassessing effectiveness of platinum-based adjuvant therapy

Gynecol Oncol. 2018 May;149(2):291-296. doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2018.02.022. Epub 2018 Mar 14.

Abstract

Objective: Two randomized trials failed to demonstrate efficacy of platinum-based chemotherapy (PbCT) for uterine serous carcinoma (USC). Our objective was to reassess the value of PbCT for patients with microscopic residuum (R0).

Methods: Progression-free survival (PFS) after surgery was analyzed for 409 patients and correlated with adjuvant therapies: vaginal brachytherapy (VBRT), external beam radiotherapy (EBRT), PbCT, or combinations.

Results: The estimated 5-year PFS for stage I (n=209) USC was 65.1% for observation only; 90.7%, VBRT only; and 91.1%, PbCT±VBRT (85% received VBRT); VBRT significantly (P=.004) impacted PFS, but the added value of PbCT remains uncertain. Of 58 stage IIIC, PbCT-treated patients (±EBRT), 5-year PFS was 33.9%; most failures had a vascular disseminated component. Median PFS for 72 stage IV, PbCT-treated patients was 18.6months for R0; 8.0, R1≤1cm residual disease; and 4.6, R2>1cm (P=.008). The progression rate (PR) during 1 to 2year follow-up for R0 was similar to PR during 0-1year follow-up for R1 (P=.31), suggesting recurrences in patients with R0 disease before 2years are likely platinum resistant. PRs during follow-up were nearly identical for R0≥2years and R1≥1year (P=.95), presumably showing limited numbers of platinum-sensitive tumors.

Conclusions: A comparison of PR for patients treated with PbCT for stage IV R0 and R1 disease suggested that a 1-year lag interval precedes clinical recognition of PbCT refractory/resistant R0 disease. Most patients treated with PbCT who had microscopic residuum had recurrences within 2years (across stages), emphasizing the need for more effective therapy.

Keywords: Platinum-based chemotherapy; Therapeutic efficacy; Uterine serous carcinoma.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use*
  • Brachytherapy
  • Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous / drug therapy*
  • Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous / pathology
  • Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous / radiotherapy
  • Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous / surgery
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Endometrial Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Endometrial Neoplasms / pathology
  • Endometrial Neoplasms / radiotherapy
  • Endometrial Neoplasms / surgery
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Organoplatinum Compounds / administration & dosage
  • Uterine Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Uterine Neoplasms / pathology
  • Uterine Neoplasms / radiotherapy
  • Uterine Neoplasms / surgery

Substances

  • Organoplatinum Compounds