1 Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Atrium Health, Charlotte, North Carolina. Electronic address: kevin.lobdell@carolinashealthcare.org.
2 Department of Cardiology, Atrium Health, Charlotte, North Carolina.
3 College of Business, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina.
4 Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
5 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California.