Cytotoxic effects of four different root canal sealers on human osteoblasts

Susanne Jung; Sonja Sielker; Marcel R Hanisch; Viktor Libricht; Edgar Schäfer; Till Dammaschke

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0194467

Cytotoxic effects of four different root canal sealers on human osteoblasts

PLoS One. 2018 Mar 26;13(3):e0194467. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194467. eCollection 2018.

Authors

Susanne Jung¹, Sonja Sielker¹, Marcel R Hanisch¹, Viktor Libricht^{1

2}, Edgar Schäfer³, Till Dammaschke²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Research Unit Vascular Biology of Oral Structures (VABOS), University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.
² Department of Periodontology and Operative Dentistry, Westphalian Wilhelms-University, Münster, Germany.
³ Central Interdisciplinary Ambulance in the School of Dentistry, Münster, Germany.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of an epoxy resin-based (AH-Plus), a zinc oxide eugenol containing (Pulp-Canal-Sealer) and two calcium silicate containing (MTA-Fillapex and BioRoot-RCS) sealers on primary human osteoblasts (hOB) in freshly mixed and set state. All sealers were mixed strictly according to the manufacturers´ instructions and identically samples were produced. In a pretest cytotoxic sealer concentrations were determined. Thus, for the main cell culture study, dilutions of sealer extract 1:1, 1:2, and 1:10 were used. To simulate a clinical scenario, extracts from freshly mixed sealer were added to the cells on day one. Extracts form set sealers were used for subsequent culturing for 24h, 7d, 14d, and 21d. Cell viability was analyzed by living-cell-count, MTT-assay, and living/dead-staining, cytotoxicity by LDH-assay, and changes by Richardson-staining. All data were statistically evaluated by one way ANOVA and a posthoc analysis with Bonferroni-Holm testing (p<0.05). AH-Plus was cytotoxic in a freshly mixed state, but not when the sealer was set. MTA-Fillapex and Pulp-Canal-Sealer were cytotoxic in a fresh as well as in a set state. BioRoot-RCS showed the lowest toxicity in both states; where as a regeneration of the cells could be observed over time (p<0.05). Contact of freshly mixed AH-Plus to osteoblasts should be avoided. Pulp Canal Sealer and MTA-Fillapex showed no biocompatibility in contact with osteoblasts at all. BioRoot-RCS had a positive influence on the cell metabolism (bioactivity) and is biocompatible.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Cells, Cultured
Female
Humans
Male
Materials Testing*
Osteoblasts / cytology
Osteoblasts / metabolism*
Root Canal Filling Materials / adverse effects
Root Canal Filling Materials / pharmacology*

Substances

Root Canal Filling Materials

Grants and funding

We acknowledge support by Open Access Publication Fund of University of Münster for taking over the publication costs. No additional external funding was received for this study.