Glucose Gel in Infants at Risk for Transitional Neonatal Hypoglycemia

Am J Perinatol. 2018 Sep;35(11):1050-1056. doi: 10.1055/s-0038-1639338. Epub 2018 Mar 26.

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate whether glucose gel as a supplement to feedings in infants admitted to the newborn nursery at risk for neonatal hypoglycemia (NH) reduces the frequency of transfer to a higher level of care for intravenous dextrose treatment.

Study design: We revised our newborn nursery protocol for management of infants at risk for NH to include use of 40% glucose gel (200 mg/kg). Study population included late preterm, small and large for gestational age infants, and infants of diabetic mothers. We compared outcomes before (4/1/14-3/31/15: Year 1) and after (4/1/15-3/31/16: Year 2) initiation of the revised protocol. Our prospective primary outcome was transfer to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for treatment with a continuous infusion of dextrose.

Results: NICU transfer for management of NH fell from 8.1% in Year 1 (34 of 421 at-risk infants screened) to 3.7% in Year 2 (14 of 383 at-risk infants screened). Rate of exclusive breastfeeding increased from 6% in Year 1 to 19% in Year 2. Hospital charges for the study population decreased from 801,276 USD to 387,688 USD in Year 1 and Year 2, respectively.

Conclusion: Our study supports the adjunctive use of glucose gel to reduce NICU admissions and total hospitalization expense.

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Breast Feeding / statistics & numerical data*
  • Female
  • Gels
  • Glucose / administration & dosage*
  • Hospitalization / economics
  • Hospitalization / statistics & numerical data
  • Humans
  • Hypoglycemia / prevention & control*
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Infant, Newborn, Diseases / prevention & control
  • Intensive Care Units, Neonatal / statistics & numerical data*
  • Male
  • Neonatal Nursing / methods
  • Retrospective Studies

Substances

  • Gels
  • Glucose