The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients receiving antipsychotics in Qatar: a cross sectional comparative study

BMC Psychiatry. 2018 Mar 27;18(1):81. doi: 10.1186/s12888-018-1662-6.

Abstract

Background: Metabolic abnormalities are common in patients maintained on antipsychotics. These abnormalities increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases and mortality in this population. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in subjects maintained on antipsychotics relative to controls in Qatar, and to assess the factors contributing to the development of MetS.

Methods: A cross sectional design was used to collect data and fasting blood samples from subjects maintained on antipsychotics for at least six months (n = 112) and from a control group (n = 114). The groups were compared in regard to prevalence of MetS, and multiple regression analysis was used to determine the risk factors in each group.

Results: The two groups (antipsychotics vs. control) were similar in regard to age (35.73 ± 10.28 vs. 35.73 ± 8.16 years) and gender ratio. The MetS was higher among the subjects on antipsychotics, but this difference did not reach statistical significance. Blood pressure (BP) was significantly higher in the antipsychotics group and BMI was the major risk factor to develop MetS in this group.

Conclusions: The prevalence of MetS in both groups is high and mostly attributed to obesity and high BP. Public health interventions are needed to address this major health problem overall. Larger studies are needed to further assess the impact of antipsychotics and mental illness on the development of MetS.

Keywords: Antipsychotics; Arabs; Mental illness; Metabolic syndrome.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Antipsychotic Agents / adverse effects*
  • Blood Pressure
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / chemically induced*
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / psychology
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mental Disorders / drug therapy*
  • Mental Disorders / physiopathology
  • Metabolic Syndrome / chemically induced
  • Metabolic Syndrome / epidemiology*
  • Middle Aged
  • Prevalence
  • Qatar / epidemiology
  • Regression Analysis
  • Risk Factors

Substances

  • Antipsychotic Agents