Quality of Life and Stigma in Epilepsy, Perspectives from Selected Regions of Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa

doi:10.3390/brainsci8040059

Review

. 2018 Apr 1;8(4):59.

doi: 10.3390/brainsci8040059.

Quality of Life and Stigma in Epilepsy, Perspectives from Selected Regions of Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa

Warren Boling¹, Margaret Means², Anita Fletcher³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA. wboling@llu.edu.
² School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA. margaret.means@louisville.edu.
³ Department of Neurology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA. anita.fletcher@louisville.edu.

PMID: 29614761
PMCID: PMC5924395
DOI: 10.3390/brainsci8040059

Free PMC article

Review

Quality of Life and Stigma in Epilepsy, Perspectives from Selected Regions of Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa

Warren Boling et al. Brain Sci. 2018.

Free PMC article

. 2018 Apr 1;8(4):59.

doi: 10.3390/brainsci8040059.

Authors

Warren Boling¹, Margaret Means², Anita Fletcher³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA. wboling@llu.edu.
² School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA. margaret.means@louisville.edu.
³ Department of Neurology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA. anita.fletcher@louisville.edu.

PMID: 29614761
PMCID: PMC5924395
DOI: 10.3390/brainsci8040059

Abstract

Epilepsy is an important and common worldwide public health problem that affects people of all ages. A significant number of individuals with epilepsy will be intractable to medication. These individuals experience an elevated mortality rate and negative psychosocial consequences of recurrent seizures. Surgery of epilepsy is highly effective to stop seizures in well-selected individuals, and seizure freedom is the most desirable result of epilepsy treatment due to the positive improvements in psychosocial function and the elimination of excess mortality associated with intractable epilepsy. Globally, there is inadequate data to fully assess epilepsy-related quality of life and stigma, although the preponderance of information we have points to a significant negative impact on people with epilepsy (PWE) and families of PWE. This review of the psychosocial impact of epilepsy focuses on regions of Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa that have been analyzed with population study approaches to determine the prevalence of epilepsy, treatment gaps, as well as factors impacting psychosocial function of PWE and their families. This review additionally identifies models of care for medically intractable epilepsy that have potential to significantly improve psychosocial function.

Keywords: developing world; medically intractable epilepsy; quality of life; stigma; surgery of epilepsy.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors report no conflicts of interest.

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References

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[1] Murray C.J., Vos T., Lozano R., Naghavi M., Flaxman A.D., Michaud C., Ezzati M., Shibuya K., Salomon J.A., Abdalla S., et al. Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990–2010: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study. Lancet. 2012;380:2197–2223. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61689-4. - DOI - PubMed

[2] Murray C.J., Vos T., Lozano R., Naghavi M., Flaxman A.D., Michaud C., Ezzati M., Shibuya K., Salomon J.A., Abdalla S., et al. Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990–2010: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study. Lancet. 2012;380:2197–2223. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61689-4. - DOI - PubMed

[3] Hesdorffer D.C., Beck V., Begley C.E., Bishop M.L., Cushner-Weinstein S., Holmes G.L., Shafer P.O., Sirven J.I., Austin J.K. Research implications of the Institute of Medicine Report, Epilepsy Across the Spectrum: Promoting Health and Understanding. Epilepsia. 2013;54:207–216. doi: 10.1111/epi.12056. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[4] Hesdorffer D.C., Beck V., Begley C.E., Bishop M.L., Cushner-Weinstein S., Holmes G.L., Shafer P.O., Sirven J.I., Austin J.K. Research implications of the Institute of Medicine Report, Epilepsy Across the Spectrum: Promoting Health and Understanding. Epilepsia. 2013;54:207–216. doi: 10.1111/epi.12056. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[5] Ngugi A.K., Kariuki S.M., Bottomley C., Kleinschmidt I., Sander J.W., Newton C.R. Incidence of epilepsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurology. 2011;77:1005–1012. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e31822cfc90. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[6] Ngugi A.K., Kariuki S.M., Bottomley C., Kleinschmidt I., Sander J.W., Newton C.R. Incidence of epilepsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurology. 2011;77:1005–1012. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e31822cfc90. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[7] Yemadje L.P., Houinato D., Quet F., Druet-Cabanac M., Preux P.M. Understanding the differences in prevalence of epilepsy in tropical regions. Epilepsia. 2011;52:1376–1381. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2011.03099.x. - DOI - PubMed

[8] Yemadje L.P., Houinato D., Quet F., Druet-Cabanac M., Preux P.M. Understanding the differences in prevalence of epilepsy in tropical regions. Epilepsia. 2011;52:1376–1381. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2011.03099.x. - DOI - PubMed

[9] Epilepsy in the WHO African Region—World Health Organization. [(accessed on 26 December 2017)]; Available online: http://www.who.int/mental_health/management/epilepsy_in_African-region.pdf.

[10] Epilepsy in the WHO African Region—World Health Organization. [(accessed on 26 December 2017)]; Available online: http://www.who.int/mental_health/management/epilepsy_in_African-region.pdf.

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Quality of Life and Stigma in Epilepsy, Perspectives from Selected Regions of Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa

Affiliations

Quality of Life and Stigma in Epilepsy, Perspectives from Selected Regions of Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa

Authors

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Abstract

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