The Clinical Course of Patients With Prostate-Specific Antigen ≥100 ng/ml: Insight Into a Potential Population for Targeted Prostate-Specific Antigen Screening

Urology. 2018 Jul:117:101-107. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2018.01.059. Epub 2018 Apr 12.

Abstract

Objective: To characterize men presenting to a tertiary care safety-net hospital with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) values ≥100 ng/mL and to identify a potential population for targeted PSA screening.

Materials and methods: Retrospective review of 100 randomly selected patients of a total of 204 who presented to Grady Memorial Hospital from 2004 to 2011 with initial PSA ≥100 ng/mL was performed. Demographics, disease characteristics, and survival status were obtained via the Tumor Registry and a combination of electronic medical records and older paper charts, with missing data from paper charts excluded on analyses.

Results: Sixty-five patients were newly diagnosed with prostate cancer on presentation and 35 were previously diagnosed. Median PSA at presentation was 405.5 ng/mL (minimum, 100 and maximum, 7805), 81% had metastatic disease, and 94% had Gleason ≥7. Median Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment score was 8. Median age at presentation was 67.4 years (minimum, 40.8 and maximum, 90.6). Eighty-nine percent of patients were African American, 24% lived alone, 12% were homeless or incarcerated, 51% were insured by Medicare or Medicaid, and 47% were uninsured. Only 1% had human immunodeficiency virus, 19% had diabetes, and 13% had chronic kidney disease. Of the 65 newly diagnosed patients, only 23% had ever been screened and 9% were previously biopsied. Median time from presentation to death was 17.8 months (minimum, 0.16 and maximum, 107.1).

Conclusion: Among men presenting with PSA ≥100 ng/ml at a safety-net hospital, the majority were African American, of lower socioeconomic status, and had metastatic disease. Uniform absence of prostate cancer screening may expose greater numbers of at-risk men to similar outcomes. Discussion is needed regarding targeted PSA screening in higher risk, vulnerable patients.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Black or African American / statistics & numerical data
  • Early Detection of Cancer / statistics & numerical data*
  • Georgia
  • Humans
  • Ill-Housed Persons / statistics & numerical data
  • Male
  • Marital Status
  • Medicaid / statistics & numerical data
  • Medicare / statistics & numerical data
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Grading
  • Neoplasm Metastasis
  • Prisoners / statistics & numerical data
  • Prostate-Specific Antigen / blood*
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / blood*
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / diagnosis*
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / pathology
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / therapy
  • Residence Characteristics / statistics & numerical data
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Safety-net Providers / statistics & numerical data*
  • Survival Rate
  • United States

Substances

  • Prostate-Specific Antigen