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. 2018 Apr 17;17(1):86.
doi: 10.1186/s12944-018-0734-4.

Handgrip strength is positively related to blood pressure and hypertension risk: results from the National Health and nutrition examination survey

Chao Ji  1 , Liqiang Zheng  1 , Rui Zhang  2 , Qijun Wu  1 , Yuhong Zhao  3
Affiliations

Handgrip strength is positively related to blood pressure and hypertension risk: results from the National Health and nutrition examination survey

Chao Ji et al. Lipids Health Dis. .

Abstract

Background: Isometric handgrip resistance exercise, a nonpharmacological lifestyle modification, has been recommended as a first-line treatment for hypertension. This study aimed to examine the relationship of handgrip strength to blood pressure and the risk of hypertension.

Methods: The responses and examination of 4597 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were analyzed in this study. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were transformed to age- and sex-specific z-scores. Handgrip strength was adjusted by weight (kg) and converted to an age- and sex-specific z-score. The relationships of SBP and DBP to handgrip strength were analyzed by Pearson correlation test and multivariable linear regression. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the association between handgrip strength and prevalence of hypertension.

Results: Handgrip strength was positively related to higher DBP in men and women. In men, logistic regression models revealed that increased handgrip strength was associated with higher risk of hypertension after adjusting for age, BMI, smoking and drinking status; OR was 1.24 (95%CI: 1.04-1.48). After stratifying on BMI, handgrip strength was significantly associated with higher risk of hypertensions after adjusting for age, BMI, smoking and drinking status in overweight and obese men; OR was 1.31 (95%CI: 1.05-1.63). No significant associations were observed in women.

Conclusions: Increased handgrip strength is associated with higher DBP in men and women. In men, especially overweight and obese men, strong handgrip strength may be associated with higher risk of hypertension.

Keywords: Body mass index; Diastolic blood pressure; Handgrip strength; Hypertension; Systolic blood pressure.

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Conflict of interest statement

Ethics approval and consent to participate

The protocol used in the study was approved by the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) according to the Helsinki Declaration.

Competing interests

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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