The ethylene response factor (ERF) and phytohormone jasmonate (JA) are reported to function in leaf senescence. The involvement of ERF in JA-mediated leaf senescence, however, needs to be elucidated. In the present work, we demonstrate a Chinese flowering cabbage ERF transcription factor (TF), BrERF72, that is associated with JA-promoted leaf senescence. Exogenous application of methyl jasmonate (MeJA)-accelerated leaf senescence of Chinese flowering cabbage, evidenced by the data that MeJA treatment led to the stronger reduction in the maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm), photosynthetic electron transport rate (ETR), and total chlorophyll content, while significant induction in the expression of several senescence-associated genes (SAGs) including BrSAG12, BrSAG19, and chlorophyll catabolic genes (CCGs) BrPAO1, BrNYC1, BrPPH1, and BrSGR1. Increases in levels of endogenous JA and transcripts of JA biosynthetic genes BrLOX4, BrAOC3, and BrOPR3 were also found after MeJA treatment. BrERF72 was a MeJA-inducible, nucleus-localized protein, and possessed trans-activation ability. Transient overexpression of BrERF72 in tobacco leaves also promoted leaf senescence. More importantly, further experiments revealed that BrERF72 directly activated expression of BrLOX4, BrAOC3, and BrOPR3 through binding to their promoters via the GCC or DRE/CRT cis-element. Together, the novel JA-ERF association reported in our study uncovers a new insight into the transcriptional regulation of JA production mediated by ERF during JA-promoted leaf senescence in Chinese flowering cabbage.