High turnover of faecal microbiome from algal feedstock experimental manipulations in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas)

Abstract

The composition of digestive microbiomes is known to be a significant factor in the health of a variety of hosts, including animal livestock. Therefore, it is important to ascertain how readily the microbiome can be significantly altered. To this end, the role of changing diet on the digestive microbiome of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) was assessed via weekly faecal sampling. Over the course of 12 weeks, isolated individual oysters were fed either a control diet of Tetraselmis algae (Tet) or a treatment diet which shifted in composition every 4 weeks. Weekly faecal samples from all oysters were taken to characterize their digestive bacterial microbiota. Concurrent weekly sampling of the algal feed cultures was performed to assess the effect of algal microbiomes, independent of the algal type, on the microbiomes observed in the oyster samples. Changing the algal feed was found to be significantly associated with changes in the faecal microbiome over a timescale of weeks between control and treatment groups. No significant differences between individual microbiomes were found within control and treatment groups. This suggests the digestive microbiome of the Pacific oyster can be quickly and reproducibly manipulated.