A cortical study of the attention in military simulation tests

Rev Neurol. 2018 May 16;66(10):331-339.
[Article in Spanish, English]

Abstract

Introduction: Attention is one of the most widely studied superior cerebral functions and base of many other cognitive processes. It is sometimes understood as concentration on a task or target. The level of execution of a task and the ability to process information are dependent on the state of cerebral activation of the subject. This brain activity can be recorded with the electroencephalogram (EEG).

Aim: Attention is studied in states of rest and during the performance of tasks in military personnel, exploring the differences between two groups (cadets and officers/NCOs).

Subject and methods: EEG signals have been recorded from 19 cadets and 17 officers of the General Military Academy and from the General Hospital of the Defense during military simulation tasks and in states of rest. Our team uses its own methodology of the dynamic systems and fractal techniques for the modeling and quantification of the EEG signals, in this case for the computation of the fractal dimension of the record of each derivation. The data obtained are subjected to a statistical study.

Results: Higher cortical global mean values were observed in the officers group. The dimension increases in both groups by raising the difficulty of the task in all areas of the brain except in the frontal zone. They highlight the significant differences between groups in the simulation task of driving combat vehicle in the central, parietal and temporal areas.

Conclusions: The results obtained show that the two groups studied do not behave homogeneously in the same attention task that involves a video game.

Title: Estudio cortical de la atencion en tests de simulacion militar.

Introduccion. La atencion es una de las funciones cerebrales superiores mas estudiadas en nuestros dias y la base de otros procesos cognitivos. En ocasiones se entiende como la concentracion en una tarea. El nivel de ejecucion de una tarea y la habilidad para procesar informacion son dependientes del estado de activacion cerebral, que puede registrarse mediante el electroencefalograma (EEG). Objetivo. Estudiar la atencion en estados de reposo y durante el desarrollo de tareas propias del personal militar, explorando las diferencias entre dos grupos (cadetes/mandos). Sujetos y metodos. Se han recogido señales de EEG de 19 cadetes y 17 oficiales de la Academia General Militar y del Hospital General de la Defensa durante tareas de simulacion militar y en estados de reposo. Nuestro equipo utiliza metodologia propia de sistemas dinamicos y tecnicas fractales para modelizar y cuantificar las señales del EEG, en este caso para el calculo de la dimension fractal del registro de cada derivacion. Los datos obtenidos en diversos estados cerebrales se someten a un estudio estadistico. Resultados. Se observan mayores valores de las medias globales corticales en el grupo de mandos. La dimension aumenta en ambos grupos al elevar la dificultad de la tarea en todas las areas cerebrales, salvo en la zona frontal. Destacan las diferencias significativas entre grupos en la tarea de simulacion de manejo de vehiculos de combate en las zonas central, parietal y temporal. Conclusiones. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que los dos grupos no se comportan de manera homogenea en la misma tarea de atencion que implica un videojuego.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Acoustic Stimulation
  • Armed Conflicts
  • Arousal / physiology
  • Attention / physiology*
  • Computer Simulation*
  • Electroencephalography
  • Fractals
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Military Personnel / classification
  • Military Personnel / psychology*
  • Photic Stimulation
  • Rest / physiology
  • Video Games*
  • Young Adult