Cochlear implant (CI) is the only method for efficacious treatment of congenital severe deafness at present. However, for children with congenital severe deafness after CI, the mechanism of the structural and functional changes of their cerebral cortex is not clear. This study was based on the cross-modal reorganization of deaf patients. Event related potential (ERP) and source localization technique were used to visualize the change of cortical activity in children with congenital severe deafness during 1-year period (0, 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after CI). We aimed to investigate the association between hearing restoration and cross-modal reorganization in children with congenital severe deafness after CI. The results showed that the cross-modal reorganization exists in children with congenital severe deafness. During hearing restoration, the function of the cross-modal reorganization reversed to the normal state. The method and conclusions of this study may be of significance in guiding the training and evaluation of hearing rehabilitation after CI in patients.
人工耳蜗植入（CI）是目前有效治疗先天性重度耳聋的唯一方法。然而，目前对于先天性重度耳聋儿童在重建听力后，其大脑皮层结构、功能发生调整和改变的机制尚不清楚。基于耳聋患者大脑跨模态功能重组相关研究的基础，本研究采用视觉刺激诱发的事件相关电位（ERP），利用大脑皮层功能活动源定位技术针对先天性重度耳聋儿童在人工耳蜗植入后 1 年内（0、1、3、6、9、12 个月）大脑皮层活动变化的情况，探讨人工耳蜗植入术后先天性重度耳聋儿童听力恢复与大脑皮层跨模态功能重组之间的关联。研究结果显示，先天性重度耳聋儿童在耳聋期间存在大脑皮层的跨模态功能重组；当患者进行人工耳蜗植入后，随着听力恢复，大脑皮层跨模态功能重组出现逆转，各相关功能皮层活动相继达到正常水平。本研究的方法和结论对指导患者人工耳蜗植入后听力恢复的训练和评估可能具有一定参考价值。.
Keywords: children with congenital severe deafness; cochlear implant; cross-modal reorganization; event related potential; source localization.