The competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) hypothesis is a new pattern of gene posttranscriptional regulation. Encoding mRNA, long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), pseudogene transcript, circular RNA (circRNA), etc. can regulate gene expression by binding microRNA (miRNA). According to the research, ceRNA regulatory network participates in the maintenance of normal physiological state, occurrence and development of diseases. This paper reviewed ceRNA with the following respects: the proposal of ceRNA hypothesis, members of ceRNA regulatory network, research status, limitations and future development directions of this hypothesis. It will contribute to clarify the pathogenesis of much diseases including tumor and provide a new strategy for the diagnosis and treatment of disease.
竞争性内源核糖核酸（ceRNA）假说是一种新的基因转录后调控模式，即编码蛋白质的信使 RNA（mRNA）、长链非编码核糖核酸（lncRNA）、假基因转录物、环状核糖核酸（circRNA）等可通过结合微小核糖核酸（miRNA）参与其靶基因的表达调控。ceRNA 调节网络在维持正常生理状态及调控疾病发生、发展中发挥重要作用。本文围绕着该假说的提出、相关分子类型、当前研究现状、存在问题和发展方向等多个方面，对 ceRNA 的研究进展进行综述，有助于阐明包括肿瘤在内的多种疾病的致病机理，并为疾病的诊治提供新思路。.
Keywords: competing endogenous RNA; microRNA response element; microRNAs; posttranscriptional regulation.