Insights on the age dependent neurodegeneration induced by Monocrotophos, (an organophosphorous insecticide) in Caenorhabditis elegans fed high glucose: Evidence in wild and transgenic strains

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2018 Sep:211:15-24. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2018.05.002. Epub 2018 May 12.

Abstract

The higher susceptibility of high glucose fed C. elegans to Monocrotophos (MCP, an organophosphorus insecticide) - induced dopaminergic (DA) neuronal degeneration was recently demonstrated. Employing this acute exposure model, the impact of MCP on DA degeneration among worms of two age groups (8 and 13 d old) fed control (CO) and high glucose (GF) diet with specific focus on phenotypic alterations, oxidative impairments and associated molecular perturbations employing both wild (N2) and transgenic strains(BZ555 and NL5901) was investigated. In general, 13 d worms exhibited higher susceptibility to MCP intoxication compared to 8 d old worms. Further, MCP-exposure caused an enhanced degree of DA degeneration among glucose fed (GF) worms as evidenced by lower chemotaxis index, reduced long-term memory and increased nonanone repulsion. Biochemical analysis of 13 d GF worms also revealed a significant increase in ROS, protein carbonyls and reduced ADP/ATP ratio. Interestingly, marked increase in degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and increased in α-synuclein content was evident among 13 d GF worms exposed to MCP. Significant alterations in the mRNA expression levels of daf-2, age-1, sir 2.1 and aak-2 among 13 d GF worms was evident. Collectively these findings suggest that high intake of glucose diet aggravates MCP associated dopaminergic neuronal degeneration and the impact of increasing age under such a condition. Moreover it provides an experimental paradigm to explore the molecular targets and mechanism/s underlying the possible relationship between insecticide exposure-associated dopaminergic degeneration in humans under hyperglycemic conditions.

Keywords: C. elegans; Dopaminergic neurodegeneration; High glucose; Monocrotophos; α-Synuclein.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Aging*
  • Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
  • Animals
  • Animals, Genetically Modified
  • Biomarkers / metabolism
  • Caenorhabditis elegans / drug effects*
  • Caenorhabditis elegans / genetics
  • Caenorhabditis elegans / growth & development
  • Caenorhabditis elegans / physiology
  • Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins / genetics
  • Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins / metabolism
  • Chemotaxis / drug effects
  • Dopaminergic Neurons / cytology
  • Dopaminergic Neurons / drug effects*
  • Dopaminergic Neurons / physiology
  • Drug Resistance
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / drug effects*
  • Glucose / adverse effects
  • Insecticides / toxicity*
  • Luminescent Proteins / genetics
  • Luminescent Proteins / metabolism
  • Memory, Long-Term / drug effects
  • Microscopy, Confocal
  • Microscopy, Fluorescence
  • Monocrotophos / toxicity*
  • Nerve Tissue Proteins / genetics
  • Nerve Tissue Proteins / metabolism
  • Neurogenesis / drug effects
  • Oxidative Stress / drug effects*
  • Toxicity Tests, Acute

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins
  • Insecticides
  • Luminescent Proteins
  • Nerve Tissue Proteins
  • Monocrotophos
  • Glucose