Modeling and MANOVA studies on toxicity and endocrine potential of packaging materials exposed to different extraction schemes

Natalia Szczepańska; Błażej Kudłak; Stefan Tsakovski; Galina Yotova; Miroslava Nedyalkova; Vasil Simeonov; Anna Dołęga; Jacek Namieśnik

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2018.05.004

Modeling and MANOVA studies on toxicity and endocrine potential of packaging materials exposed to different extraction schemes

Environ Res. 2018 Aug:165:294-305. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.05.004. Epub 2018 May 16.

Authors

Natalia Szczepańska¹, Błażej Kudłak², Stefan Tsakovski³, Galina Yotova³, Miroslava Nedyalkova⁴, Vasil Simeonov³, Anna Dołęga⁵, Jacek Namieśnik¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Str., Gdańsk 80-233, Poland.
² Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Str., Gdańsk 80-233, Poland. Electronic address: blakudla@pg.edu.pl.
³ Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia, 1 James Bourchier Blvd, Sofia 1164, Bulgaria.
⁴ Chair of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia "St. Kl. Okhridski", 1, J. Bourchier Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria.
⁵ Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Str., Gdańsk 80-233, Poland.

PMID: 29777920
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.05.004

Abstract

The stability of the linings of packaging that is in contact with the goods stored has been of major concern during decades of the development of packaging materials. In this work, an attempt was undertaken to assess the applicability of using two bioassays (Microtox^® and XenoScreen YES/YAS) in estimating the stability of packaging (cans, caps, multilayer material) and the impact of their degradation on the toxicity of some simulated media. The assessment of the impact of packaging storage conditions (temperature, disinfection, preservation, extracting and washing solvents) was planned and performed with i) regression modeling of the experimental effects on the ecotoxicity readings, ii) ANOVA and MANOVA estimation of the experimental conditions as significant factors affecting the toxicity results and iii) FTIR analysis of the packages. It is shown that the effects of temperature and extraction solvents could be quantitatively assessed by the agreement between all methods applied. It can be stated that temperature and acidity as well as the alcohol content in the sensitive media have the greatest impact on the toxicity of the extract and thus on the stability of the internal lining and the extractability of xenobiotics.

Keywords: Endocrine potential; Experimental design; Extraction; FTIR; MANOVA; Modeling; Packaging materials; Toxicity.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Analysis of Variance
Biological Assay
Models, Theoretical
Multivariate Analysis
Product Packaging*
Specimen Handling / methods*
Toxicity Tests*
Xenobiotics / analysis*

Substances

Xenobiotics