Label-Free Optical Marker for Red-Blood-Cell Phenotyping of Inherited Anemias

Anal Chem. 2018 Jun 19;90(12):7495-7501. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01076. Epub 2018 Jun 4.

Abstract

The gold-standard methods for anemia diagnosis are complete blood counts and peripheral-smear observations. However, these do not allow for a complete differential diagnosis as that requires biochemical assays, which are label-dependent techniques. On the other hand, recent studies focus on label-free quantitative phase imaging (QPI) of blood samples to investigate blood diseases by using video-based morphological methods. However, when sick cells are very similar to healthy ones in terms of morphometric features, identification of a blood disease becomes challenging even with QPI. Here, we introduce a label-free optical marker (LOM) to detect red-blood-cell (RBC) phenotypes, demonstrating that a single set of all-optical parameters can clearly identify a signature directly related to an erythrocyte disease through modeling each RBC as a biological lens. We tested this novel biophotonic analysis by proving that several inherited anemias, such as iron-deficiency anemia, thalassemia, hereditary spherocytosis, and congenital dyserythropoietic anemia, can be identified and sorted, thus opening a novel route for blood diagnosis on a completely different concept based on LOMs.

MeSH terms

  • Anemia / pathology*
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Erythrocytes / pathology*
  • Humans
  • Optical Imaging*
  • Phenotype

Substances

  • Biomarkers