Strength and mobilization training within the first week following total hip arthroplasty

Abstract

Study design: Randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: To improve hip function by an additional targeted mobilization and strength training of the hip muscles within the first postoperative week following a total hip arthroplasty (THA) in contrast to standard physiotherapy.

Background: The aim of early postoperative physiotherapy is to improve the functioning of the artificial hip joint as well as the restoration of mobility and independence of the patient. Minimally invasive surgical techniques allow early mobilization with immediate full weight-bearing.

Methods: 39 patients were divided into an intervention (IG) and control group (CG). After implantation of THA the CG completed standard physiotherapy, while the IG had an intensified active treatment with additional mobilization and strength training. Passive range of motion (flexion, extension, abduction), thigh circumference, holding force of the gluteal muscles, one-leg stance, covered distance walked in 6-min and subjective parameters were tested one day before and six days after surgery.

Results: Improvements in IG compared to CG were recorded in range of motion (flexion p < 0.01, extension p < 0.001, abduction p < 0.01) and gait performance (p < 0.001). No differences between groups were detected as regard thigh circumference, holding force of the gluteal muscles, one-leg stance and subjective parameters. Deterioration in IG compared to CG did not occur.

Conclusion: An additional, targeted mobilization and strength training of the hip muscles with full weight-bearing, which begins at the 3rd day after implantation of a THA is tolerated well and improves within one week hip range of motion and gait performance compared to standard physiotherapy.

Keywords: Balance; Gait; Rehabilitation; THA; Weight-loaded exercise.