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. 2018 May 29:6:e4913.
doi: 10.7717/peerj.4913. eCollection 2018.

Resurrection and typification of Elatine campylosperma (Elatinaceae), a long-forgotten waterwort species

Affiliations

Resurrection and typification of Elatine campylosperma (Elatinaceae), a long-forgotten waterwort species

Attila Takács et al. PeerJ. .

Abstract

The name Elatine campylosperma Seub. is generally treated as one of the synonyms of E. macropoda Guss. However, recent morphological, phylogenetic and karyological studies indicate that this judgement should be revised. In the present paper we typify the name E. campylosperma, review its taxonomic history and provide a thorough description, with compilation of previously published data and our new measurements from in vitro cultures. Based on our herbarium survey, we outline its Atlantic-Mediterranean distribution area (Spain, France, Italy, Greece, Turkey and Algeria). Habitat preferences are summarized from our field observations, water quality measurements and the label information of the herbarium specimens examined. Intact E. campylosperma seeds were found in faecal samples of the Eurasian Coot (Fulica atra L.) in southern Spain and two of them were germinated, suggesting that E. campylosperma has a capacity for long distance dispersal via endozoochory.

Keywords: Amphibious plant; Endozoochory; Herbarium; Lectotypification; Mediterranean flora; Wetland ephemerophyte.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Original material of E. campylosperma.
(A) Herbarium sheet of E. hydropiper var. pedunculata (TO, Herb. Moris no. 214.); (B) Label from Moris; (C) Label from Glück; (D) A fragment of the specimen showing long pedicellate flowers; (E) A seed of the specimen; (F) Drawing of E. hydropiper pedunculata (Moris, 1837: Tab. XX. ic. 2.). Photographs: (A–E): A. Molnár V.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Habit of E. campylosperma.
(A) Aquatic form (Sp: El Rocío); (B) Flowering and fruiting specimens in full sunlight (Sp: El Rocío); (C) Flowering specimens with intensive pink petals (It: Giara di Gesturi); (D) Cultivated plants (originated from It: Giara di Gesturi); (E and F). Cultivated plants (originated from Sp: El Rocío). Photographs: (A–B) and (D–F): A. Molnár V., (C): B. A. Lukács.
Figure 3
Figure 3. Comparison of E. campylosperma and the most similar species.
Origin of the specimens: E. campylosperma: It: Sardinia, Giara di Gesturi; E. gussonei: It: Lampedusa; E. macropoda: It: Sardinia, Olmedo; E. hydropiper: Hu: Tiszagyenda; E. hungarica: Hu: Konyár. Photographs: flowering shoots: A. Molnár V.; seeds: B. Białecka & M. Bihun; chromosomes: A. Kalinka.
Figure 4
Figure 4. Habitats of E. campylosperma.
(A) It: Giara di Gesturi; (B) Sp: El Rocío. Photographs: A. Molnár V.
Figure 5
Figure 5. Known distribution area of E. campylosperma.

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