Short incubation fractional CO2 laser-assisted photodynamic therapy vs. conventional photodynamic therapy in field-cancerized skin: 12-month follow-up results of a randomized intraindividual comparison study

J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2019 Jan;33(1):79-83. doi: 10.1111/jdv.15109. Epub 2018 Jun 26.

Abstract

Background: Topical methyl aminolevulinate photodynamic therapy (MAL-PDT) with 3 h incubation is recommended as a field directed treatment. Skin pretreatment with ablative CO2 fractional laser (AFXL) prior to MAL-PDT enhances drug penetration and could minimize incubation time.

Objectives: To evaluate and compare the safety and the preventive effect in the development of new non-melanocytic skin cancers (NMSCs) of AFXL-assisted MAL-PDT with 1-h incubation with that of conventional MAL-PDT in patients with clinical and histological signs of field cancerization.

Methods: Forty-two patients with two mirror cancerized areas of face or scalp were randomized to field treatment with 1-h incubation AFXL-assisted PDT or conventional PDT (CPDT). All patients underwent two treatment sessions 1 week apart. Irradiation was performed using a red light-emitting diode lamp at 37 J/cm2 . Patients were followed up at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months for the evaluation of development of new NMSCs lesions.

Results: All patients completed the study. There was no statistically significant difference with respect to the total number of new actinic keratoses at any point of follow-up as well as to the mean time of occurrence of new lesions between treatment fields. Both treatment regimens were safe and well tolerated.

Conclusion: Ablative CO2 fractional laser pretreatment may be considered as an option for reducing photosensitizer occlusion time while providing the same preventative efficacy as CPDT in patients with field-cancerized skin.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Cutaneous
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Aminolevulinic Acid / administration & dosage
  • Aminolevulinic Acid / analogs & derivatives*
  • Aminolevulinic Acid / pharmacokinetics
  • Carcinoma, Basal Cell / prevention & control*
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / prevention & control*
  • Combined Modality Therapy
  • Facial Neoplasms / prevention & control*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Keratosis, Actinic / therapy*
  • Lasers, Gas / therapeutic use*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Photochemotherapy / adverse effects
  • Photochemotherapy / methods*
  • Photosensitizing Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Photosensitizing Agents / pharmacokinetics
  • Scalp*
  • Skin Absorption
  • Skin Neoplasms / prevention & control*
  • Time Factors

Substances

  • Photosensitizing Agents
  • methyl 5-aminolevulinate
  • Aminolevulinic Acid