Structural, mechanical and enzymatic study of pectin and cellulose during mango ripening

S Cárdenas-Pérez; J J Chanona-Pérez; N Güemes-Vera; J Cybulska; M Szymanska-Chargot; M Chylinska; A Kozioł; D Gawkowska; P M Pieczywek; A Zdunek

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.05.044

Structural, mechanical and enzymatic study of pectin and cellulose during mango ripening

Carbohydr Polym. 2018 Sep 15:196:313-321. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.05.044. Epub 2018 May 17.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Chair of Geobotany and Landscape Planning, Faculty of Biology and Environment Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland; Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu Esq, Cda, Miguel Stampa s/n, C.P. 07738, Mexico City, Mexico. Electronic address: cardenasperez@umk.pl.
² Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu Esq, Cda, Miguel Stampa s/n, C.P. 07738, Mexico City, Mexico.
³ Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Av. Universidad Km 1, 7 Rancho Universitario, Tulancingo, Hidalgo C.P. 43600, Mexico.
⁴ Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doswiadczalna 4, 20-290 Lublin, Poland.

PMID: 29891301
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.05.044

Abstract

Mango is an important crop worldwide, with a postharvest loss that is huge due to its climacteric behaviour. This study evaluated the softening of Tommy Atkins mangos during the ripening process. Ripening index (RPI) shown a decrease from 9.18 ± 0.14 to 4.75 ± 0.47. The enzymatic activity agreed with physicochemical parameters and with the structural and mechanical changes. Three pectin fractions were isolated from the mango cell wall: water soluble (WSP), chelator soluble (CSP) and diluted alkali soluble (DASP) pectin. The Younǵs modulus (E) of the primary cell wall was evaluated, it decreased from 1.69 ± 1.02 to 0.39 ± 0.16 MPa, which could be attributed to the softening of the fruit. A linear fit correlation between E and RPI was found. X-ray and confocal laser scanning microscopy analysis showed the changes occurred in the mango cell wall structure during maturation. Novelties of current study can be helpful in the use of mango wastes to obtain cellulose.

Keywords: Cell wall; Mango ripening; Nanoindentation; Pectin fractions; Stiffness.