Midfacial Tissue Assessment of the Effect of Amount of Keratinized Mucosa on Immediate Temporarization of Fresh Socket Implants: 8-Year Follow-up

Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2019 March/April;39(2):227–232. doi: 10.11607/prd.3292. Epub 2018 Jun 12.

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to consider the long-term midfacial mucosal outcome around final prosthetic restorations on dental implants placed and loaded immediately after tooth extractions. A total of 42 patients requiring tooth extractions were recruited, and 142 teeth were extracted. Based on the amount of keratinized mucosa (KM), implants were categorized into group A (KM ≥ 2 mm; n = 61) or group B (KM < 2 mm; n = 62). In both groups, all patients received temporary prosthetic restorations immediately after the surgical procedure. Baseline levels were measured at placement of the final prosthetic restoration and patients were followed for 8 years. After the 8-year follow-up, a survival rate of 98.37% was reported. Two implants were lost due to peri-implantitis after 6 and 7 years of function, respectively. Peri-implantitis occurred at 9 implants (3 from group A and 6 from group B) in 8 patients (7.32%). At the 8-year follow-up for group A, an increase in midfacial tissue level of 0.14 ± 0.13 mm (screwed restorations) and 0.16 ± 0.09 mm (cemented restorations) was measured. For group B, a decrease in midfacial tissue level of 0.15 ± 0.09 mm (screwed restorations) and 0.17 ± 0.12 mm (cemented restorations) was reported. Statistically significant differences between groups were measured at 2, 5, and 8 years of follow-up (P < .01). The results demonstrated that the presence of KM is significantly associated with less mucosal inflammation and less gingival recession, regardless of the type of prosthetic restoration (screwed vs cemented).

MeSH terms

  • Dental Implantation, Endosseous
  • Dental Implants*
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Keratinocytes / cytology
  • Mouth Mucosa / cytology
  • Mucous Membrane / physiology*
  • Peri-Implantitis
  • Tooth Socket / surgery*

Substances

  • Dental Implants