Objective: To summarize the research progress of rehabilitation after autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI).
Methods: The literature related to basic science and clinical practice about rehabilitation after ACI in recent years was searched, selected, and analyzed.
Results: Based on the included literature, the progress of the graft maturation consists of proliferation phase (0-6 weeks), transition phase (6-12 weeks), remodeling phase (12-26 weeks), and maturation phase (26 weeks-2 years). To achieve early protection, stimulate the maturation, and promote the graft-bone integrity, rehabilitation protocol ought to be based on the biomechanical properties at different phases. Weight-bearing program, range of motion (ROM), and options or facilities of exercise are importance when considering a rehabilitation program.
Conclusion: It has been proved that the patients need a program with an increasingly progressive weight-bearing and ROM in principles of rehabilitation after ACI. Specific facilities can be taken at a certain phase. Evidences extracted in the present work are rather low and the high-quality and controlled trials still need to improve the rehabilitation protocol.
目的: 总结膝关节自体软骨细胞移植术（autologous chondrocyte implantation，ACI）术后康复的研究进展。.
方法: 查阅近年来国内外 ACI 术后康复相关的基础及临床研究，并进行总结分析。.
结果: 研究表明，ACI 术后移植物成熟分为 4 个阶段：增生期（术后 0～6 周）、过渡期（术后 6～12 周）、重塑期（术后 12～26 周）、成熟期（术后 26 周～2 年）。为了避免早期移植物损伤，适当刺激移植物和骨骼的整合过程，更快恢复关节功能，临床需针对术后不同阶段移植物的生物力学特性设计康复锻炼方案，主要体现在术后负重、运动范围、康复训练方式的过渡和调整。.
结论: 膝关节 ACI 术后应科学地逐步增加负重和运动范围，在不同阶段可借助相应的康复锻炼手段。但目前相关研究的证据等级较低，仍需更高质量、更大样本量的随机对照试验，进一步探讨完善康复方案。.
Keywords: Knee; autologous chondrocyte implantation; cartilage defect; cartilage repair; rehabilitation.