A molecular mechanism of nickel (II): reduction of nucleotide excision repair activity by structural and functional disruption of p53

Carcinogenesis. 2018 Sep 21;39(9):1157-1164. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgy070.

Abstract

Nickel is a major carcinogen that is implicated in tumor development through occupational and environmental exposure. Although the exact molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis by low-level nickel remain unclear, inhibition of DNA repair is frequently considered to be a critical mechanism of carcinogenesis. Here, we investigated whether low concentrations of nickel would affect p53-mediated DNA repair, especially nucleotide excision repair. Our results showed that nickel inhibited the promoter binding activity of p53 on the downstream gene GADD45A, as a result of the disturbance of p53 oligomerization by nickel. In addition, we demonstrated that nickel exposure trigger the reduction of GADD45A-mediated DNA repair by impairing the physical interactions between GADD45A and proliferating cell nuclear antigen or xeroderma pigmentosum G. Notably, in the GADD45A-knockdown system, the levels of unrepaired DNA photoproducts were higher than wild-type cells, elucidating the importance of GADD45A in the nickel-associated inhibition of DNA repair. These results imply that inhibition of p53-mediated DNA repair can be considered a potential carcinogenic mechanism of nickel at low concentrations.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Carcinogenesis / chemically induced*
  • Carcinogens / toxicity*
  • Cell Cycle Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Cell Cycle Proteins / genetics
  • Cell Cycle Proteins / metabolism*
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • DNA Damage / genetics*
  • DNA Repair / genetics*
  • Environmental Exposure / adverse effects
  • Humans
  • Neoplasms / chemically induced*
  • Neoplasms / genetics
  • Nickel / toxicity*
  • Nuclear Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Nuclear Proteins / genetics
  • Nuclear Proteins / metabolism*
  • Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / metabolism
  • RNA Interference
  • RNA, Small Interfering / genetics
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / genetics*
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / metabolism
  • Xeroderma Pigmentosum Group A Protein / metabolism

Substances

  • Carcinogens
  • Cell Cycle Proteins
  • GADD45A protein, human
  • Nuclear Proteins
  • PCNA protein, human
  • Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen
  • RNA, Small Interfering
  • TP53 protein, human
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
  • Xeroderma Pigmentosum Group A Protein
  • Nickel