Blood-brain barrier (BBB) of the central nervous system (CNS) is a physiological barrier that makes it possible to control the exchange of ions, molecules and cells between blood and tissue and to prevent their free inflow into the brain. BBB is crucial for maintenance of brain homeostasis. BBB damage accompanies many degenerative, neurological and inflammatory (infectious or noninfectious) diseases and pathological states. Current review reports about BBB role in development of childhood febrile seizures and temporal lobe epi- lepsy.