Safety and Effectiveness of Nurse-Administered Propofol Sedation in Outpatients Undergoing Gastrointestinal Endoscopy

Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019 May;17(6):1098-1104.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2018.06.025. Epub 2018 Jun 20.

Abstract

Background & aims: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and colonoscopy are common outpatient gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures that frequently use sedation. We aimed to identify a protocol that combines safety with cost effectiveness.

Methods: We collected data from consecutive outpatients (age, 20-98 y) who underwent diagnostic EGD (n = 117,661) or colonoscopy (n = 32,550) with propofol sedation from January 2006 through December 2016. Propofol was administered by a nurse via bolus injection using an age-adjusted standard protocol, up to a total of 200 mg. The primary outcome measure was occurrence of adverse events within 24 hours. Secondary outcome measures included rates of procedure success, respiratory depression, and other procedure-related adverse events.

Results: The median dose of propofol administered for EGD was 77 mg (range, 20-160 mg) and for colonoscopy was 99 mg (range, 40-200 mg). Among patients undergoing EGD, those younger than 41 years required 1.5-fold more propofol than patients 61-80 years old. The only adverse event was the transient need for supplemental oxygen supply, required by 1950 patients (1.3%): 1689 undergoing EGD (1.4%) and 261 undergoing colonoscopy (0.8%). Patients were discharged after 60 minutes and at least 66,250 patients (44%) drove themselves from the hospital. None experienced a traffic accident within 24 hours after receiving propofol sedation.

Conclusions: Nurse-administered propofol monosedation using an age-adjusted standard protocol up to a maximal of 200 mg is safe and practical for outpatient gastrointestinal endoscopy.

Keywords: Anesthetic; Effectiveness; Endoscopy; Quality of Care.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Anesthetics, Intravenous / administration & dosage
  • Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal / nursing*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Outpatients*
  • Patient Satisfaction*
  • Propofol / administration & dosage*
  • Prospective Studies
  • Quality Improvement*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Anesthetics, Intravenous
  • Propofol