Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between serum 25‑hydroxyvitamin D and anti-oxidative status in older adults

Exp Gerontol. 2018 Sep:110:291-297. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.06.024. Epub 2018 Jun 25.

Abstract

Objective: Emerging evidence indicates that vitamin D has anti-oxidative properties. The present study investigates whether serum 25‑hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] is associated with biomarkers of anti-oxidative status in community-dwelling older adults using cross-sectional and longitudinal data.

Methods: A total of 302 subjects aged 62 to 92 years from Germany (50.6°N) were analysed via cross-sectional approach. For longitudinal analysis, data of 153 subjects were available. Fasting blood samples from 2004 and 2012 were analysed for 25(OH)D concentrations, total anti-oxidative status (TAOS) as well as anti-oxidative enzymes, such as catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Multiple regression analyses were performed to examine the associations between 25(OH)D and parameters of anti-oxidative status.

Results: In cross-sectional analyses, 25(OH)D was a significant predictor of CAT (β = -0.166; P = 0.010), lg10 GPx (β = 0.136; P = 0.037) and TAOS (β = 0.121; P = 0.048) after adjusting for age, sex, percentage total body fat (TBF), month of blood sampling, smoking behaviour and use of vitamin D supplements. Longitudinal change in 25(OH)D concentration positively predicted change in TAOS (β = 0.224; P = 0.006) after adjusting for sex, baseline TAOS, age, smoking behaviour, use of vitamin D supplements and change in TBF, physical activity level, current time spent outdoors and dietary vitamin D intake.

Conclusion: The maintenance of an adequate vitamin D status may have a beneficial impact on the anti-oxidative defence system in older adults on a long-term perspective.

Keywords: Anti-oxidative status; Catalase; Glutathione peroxidase; Older adults; Superoxide dismutase; Vitamin D.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Antioxidants / metabolism*
  • Catalase / blood
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Germany
  • Glutathione Peroxidase / blood
  • Humans
  • Linear Models
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Oxidative Stress
  • Superoxide Dismutase / blood
  • Vitamin D / analogs & derivatives*
  • Vitamin D / blood
  • Vitamin D Deficiency / blood*

Substances

  • Antioxidants
  • Vitamin D
  • 25-hydroxyvitamin D
  • Catalase
  • Glutathione Peroxidase
  • Superoxide Dismutase