Neonatal and Long-Term Consequences of Fetal Growth Restriction

Abstract

Background: Fetal Growth Restriction (FGR) is one of the most common noxious antenatal conditions in humans, inducing a substantial proportion of preterm delivery and leading to a significant increase in perinatal mortality, neurological handicaps and chronic diseases in adulthood. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the postnatal consequences of FGR, with a particular emphasis on the long-term consequences on respiratory, cardiovascular and neurological structures and functions.

Result and conclusion: FGR represents a global health challenge, and efforts are urgently needed to improve our understanding of the critical factors leading to FGR and subsequent insults to the developing organs.

Keywords: FGR; diseases; long-term handicap; maternal malnutrition; neonatal brain injury; perinatal mortality..