Isolated para-aortic lymph node metastasis in FIGO stage IA2-IB2 carcinoma of the cervix: Revisiting the role of surgical assessment

Gynecol Oncol. 2018 Sep;150(3):406-411. doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2018.07.010. Epub 2018 Jul 17.

Abstract

Objectives: To investigate the utility of para-aortic lymph node dissection among women undergoing radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymph adenectomy for FIGO Stage IA2-IB2 cervical cancer using the National Cancer Database (NCDB).

Methods: We identified patients with stage IA2-IB2 squamous cell, adenosquamous, or adenocarcinoma of the cervix diagnosed 2011-2014 in the NCDB. The primary outcome was the negative predictive value of histologically assessed pelvic lymph node status for para-aortic lymph node status among women undergoing pelvic and para-aortic lymph node dissection. We calculated probability of para-aortic lymph node metastasis conditional on pelvic lymph node status. Finally, we compared overall survival between patients undergoing para-aortic lymph node dissection and those in whom this procedure was omitted.

Results: A total of 3212 patients met study inclusion criteria, of whom 994 (30.9%) underwent para-aortic lymph node dissection. In this group, the risk of isolated para-aortic metastasis was 0.11%. The negative predictive value of surgically assessed pelvic lymph nodes to predict para-aortic lymph node status was 99.9% (95% CI 99.9-99.9). Among 93 patients with pelvic lymph node metastasis, 18 (19.4%) had concurrent para-aortic lymph node metastasis. There was no difference in overall survival between women undergoing pelvic and para-aortic lymph node dissection compared with those undergoing pelvic lymphadenectomy only (p = 0.69).

Conclusions: In patients undergoing radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy for stage IA2-IB2 cervical cancer, para-aortic lymph node dissection is not warranted based on the low risk of isolated metastatic disease, and lack of survival benefit associated with the procedure.

Keywords: Cervical cancer; Lymph nodes; Metastases.

MeSH terms

  • Aorta
  • Carcinoma / secondary*
  • Carcinoma / surgery
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hysterectomy
  • Lymph Node Excision*
  • Lymph Nodes / pathology*
  • Lymph Nodes / surgery*
  • Lymphatic Metastasis
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Pelvis
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Probability
  • Registries
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Survival Rate
  • Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / surgery