[Gender agenda in health sciences education: international experiences to reduce time in Spain]

Abstract

Objective: To analyse experiences and lessons learned in the process of incorporating gender perspective into health sciences degrees in the international arena.

Method: Narrative literature review with no date limit. Keywords "curricula", medical education", "nursing education", "health science", "gender education", "gender medicine" and "gender health issues". Other articles were snowballed from those identified in the review.

Results: Content on sex-gender appears in learning outcomes and evaluation. Learning based on discussing innovations and assistive applications on gender issues. Resistance: scepticism as a useful academic exercise; lack of time for teacher training and difficulty in finding concrete solutions, due to the diversity of contents; Curriculum overload; the idea of dealing exclusively with women's issues. Difficulties in implementing change policies in centres arising from the difficulty in identifying and presenting gender biases to academic authorities.

Conclusions: The key to gender mainstreaming in university degrees lies at the level of political, organizational and cultural change, as well as at faculty level. There are facilitating factors and individual and interpersonal barriers; the organizational level is essential with institutional support through norms that enforce the incorporation of this perspective and ensure its sustainability.

Keywords: Ciencias de la salud; Curricula; Currículum; Desigualdades en salud; Educación; Education; Gender; Gender biases; Género; Health inequalities; Health sciences; Sesgos de género.