Does serum albumin explain observed racial disparities in mortality for cancer patients undergoing esophagectomy?

Am J Surg. 2018 Oct;216(4):778-781. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2018.07.047. Epub 2018 Jul 31.

Abstract

Background: African Americans with esophageal cancer have a higher mortality rate than Caucasians. We hypothesized that nutritional status, as reflected by preoperative albumin, might explain these disparities.

Methods: The National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was queried for patients undergoing esophagectomy for esophageal cancer between 2005 and 2015. Preoperative albumin was divided into five categories (<3.0, 3.0-3.4, 3.5-3.9, 4.0-4.4, and >4.4). Univariate and multivariable regression statistics were performed to determine an association between preoperative albumin levels on mortality.

Results: 3228 patients were studied. While preoperative albumin was associated with lower body mass index, more severe preoperative weight loss, and more respiratory comorbidities (p-values <0.05), albumin levels were not associated with race. On multivariable models including race and other covariates, we found no association of serum albumin and mortality.

Conclusions: We found that race was an independent predictor of mortality for patients undergoing esophagectomy. However, preoperative albumin did not explain these disparities.

Keywords: Albumin; Esophageal cancer; Esophagectomy; Malnutrition; Racial disparities.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Black or African American*
  • Databases, Factual
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / complications
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / ethnology
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / mortality*
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / surgery
  • Esophagectomy*
  • Female
  • Health Status Disparities*
  • Humans
  • Logistic Models
  • Male
  • Malnutrition / blood
  • Malnutrition / complications*
  • Malnutrition / diagnosis
  • Middle Aged
  • Nutritional Status
  • Preoperative Period
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Serum Albumin / metabolism*
  • Treatment Outcome
  • United States / epidemiology
  • White People*

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Serum Albumin