Purpose of review: Neuralgias are characterized by pain in the distribution of a cranial or cervical nerve. Typically, they are brief, paroxysmal, painful attacks, although continuous neuropathic pain may occur. The most commonly encountered conditions are trigeminal, postherpetic, and occipital neuralgia. Less common neuralgias include glossopharyngeal, superior laryngeal, auriculotemporal, and nervus intermedius neuralgia, among others. The approach to diagnosis and treatment of this group of disorders is reviewed.
Recent findings: Recent guidelines of medication administration, the use of botulinum toxin, and more targeted procedures have improved treatment of neuralgias. Patients who present with neuralgias should have imaging studies to investigate for structural abnormalities unless the etiology is apparent. Management of both common and rare neuralgias can be challenging and is best guided by the most recent available evidence.
Keywords: Auriculotemporal neuralgia; Burning mouth; Cranial neuralgia; Glossopharyngeal neuralgia; Neck-tongue; Neuralgia; Occipital neuralgia; Ophthalmoplegic neuropathy; Postherpetic neuralgia; Raeder; Tolosa-Hunt; Trigeminal neuralgia.