Withdrawal of Life-Sustaining Treatments in Perceived Devastating Brain Injury: The Key Role of Uncertainty

Neurocrit Care. 2019 Feb;30(1):33-41. doi: 10.1007/s12028-018-0595-8.

Abstract

Background: Withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment (WOLST) is the leading proximate cause of death in patients with perceived devastating brain injury (PDBI). There are reasons to believe that a potentially significant proportion of WOLST decisions, in this setting, are premature and guided by a number of assumptions that falsely confer a sense of certainty.

Method: This manuscript proposes that these assumptions face serious challenges, and that we should replace unwarranted certainty with an appreciation for the great degree of multi-dimensional uncertainty involved. The article proceeds by offering a taxonomy of uncertainty in PDBI and explores the key role that uncertainty as a cognitive state, may play into how WOLST decisions are reached.

Conclusion: In order to properly share decision-making with families and surrogates of patients with PDBI, we will have to acknowledge, understand, and be able to communicate the great degree of uncertainty involved.

Keywords: Brain injury; Chronic conditions and rehabilitation; Decision-making; Disability; End-of-life issues.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Brain Injuries / diagnosis*
  • Brain Injuries / therapy*
  • Clinical Decision-Making / ethics
  • Clinical Decision-Making / methods*
  • Humans
  • Life Support Care / ethics
  • Life Support Care / standards*
  • Prognosis
  • Uncertainty*
  • Withholding Treatment / ethics
  • Withholding Treatment / standards*