Endoscopic Treatment of Early Barrett's Adenocarcinoma and Dysplasia: Focus on Submucosal Cancer

Digestion. 2019;99(4):293-300. doi: 10.1159/000492217. Epub 2018 Sep 3.

Abstract

Background/aims: Eradication of early Barrett's neoplasia by endoscopic resection and radiofrequency ablation is safe and effective. In T1b adenocarcinoma, standard of care remains controversial. We investigated the therapeutic outcome between high-grade dysplasia (HGD)/mucosal adenocarcinoma and submucosal adenocarcinoma in Barrett's patients. We hypothesised similar outcome in low-risk (LR) T1b compared to T1a/HGD.

Methods: Patients with endoscopically treated Barrett's esophagus were included in a Swiss tertiary center cohort study. Primary outcome parameter was complete eradication of early neoplasia. Secondary outcome parameters were recurrence-free survival and safety of endoscopic treatment.

Results: Forty-eight patients (1 female) with median Barrett's length C4M6 and mean age of 66 years were included. Complete endoscopic eradication of HGD/T1a was achieved in 33 out of 35 and in 11 out of 13 T1b adenocarcinoma. During a median follow-up of 41 (interquartile range 28-63) months no systemic recurrence was observed in endoscopically treated HGD/T1a and LR -T1b and one in a high-risk T1b adenocarcinoma after surgery. Local recurrences were amenable to surgical or endoscopic re-treatment. No lymphnode metastasis was detected in initial staging with esophageal endosonography/positron emission tomography-CT.

Conclusion: Comparable endoscopic eradication and recurrence rate were observed in HGD/T1a and LR T1b adenocarcinoma. Carefully selected LR T1b cancer may receive endoscopic treatment in an expert center without any negative impact on recurrence.

Keywords: Barrett’s esophagus; Combined endoscopic resection; Dysplasia; Early adenocarcinoma; Endoscopic mucosal resection; Radiofrequency ablation; Submucosal cancer; T1a adenocarcinoma; T1b adenocarcinoma.

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma / mortality
  • Adenocarcinoma / pathology
  • Adenocarcinoma / surgery*
  • Aged
  • Barrett Esophagus / mortality
  • Barrett Esophagus / pathology
  • Barrett Esophagus / surgery*
  • Catheter Ablation / methods
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Esophageal Mucosa / pathology
  • Esophageal Mucosa / surgery
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / mortality
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / pathology
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Esophagectomy / methods
  • Esophagoscopy / methods*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / epidemiology*
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / prevention & control
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Patient Selection
  • Retrospective Studies

Supplementary concepts

  • Adenocarcinoma Of Esophagus