Placing our current 'hyperthermal' in the context of rapid climate change in our geological past

Gavin L Foster; Pincelli Hull; Daniel J Lunt; James C Zachos

doi:10.1098/rsta.2017.0086

Placing our current 'hyperthermal' in the context of rapid climate change in our geological past

Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci. 2018 Oct 13;376(2130):20170086. doi: 10.1098/rsta.2017.0086.

Authors

Gavin L Foster¹, Pincelli Hull², Daniel J Lunt³, James C Zachos⁴

Affiliations

¹ School of Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK gavin.foster@noc.soton.ac.uk.
² Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, Box 208109, New Haven, CT 06520-8109, USA.
³ School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, University Road, Clifton, Bristol BS8 1SS, UK.
⁴ Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.

Abstract

'…there are known knowns. These are things we know that we know. There are known unknowns. That is to say, there are things that we know we don't know. But there are also unknown unknowns. There are things we don't know we don't know.' Donald Rumsfeld 12th February 2002.This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Hyperthermals: rapid and extreme global warming in our geological past'.

Keywords: climate change; hyperthermal; unknown unknowns.

Publication types

Introductory Journal Article