The Adolescent Minor and Urgent Aortic Surgery: Challenges and Solutions With Capacity and Competence in Informed Consent

Affiliations

• ¹ Cardiac Anesthesiology Division, Department of Anesthesiology, The Mount Sinai Hospital, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY.
• ² Cardiovascular and Thoracic Section, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. Electronic address: yiandoc@hotmail.com.
• ³ Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Mount Sinai Hospital, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY.
• ⁴ Cardiovascular and Thoracic Section, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.
• ⁵ Department of Ethics, London Health Sciences Centre, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
• ⁶ Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
• ⁷ Chair of the Clinical Ethics Consultation Committee, Brenner Children's Hospital, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC.
• ⁸ Cardiothoracic Section, Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC.
• ⁹ Cardiothoracic and Critical Care Section, Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC.