Objective: To investigate the relationship between acute graft-versus-host disease and graft composition in patients with aplastic anemia(AA) after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Methods: Fifty-seven cases of AA after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation were retrospectively analyzed. All the patients were divided into 2 groups according to whether presence or absence grade Ⅱ-Ⅳ aGVHD, the relationship between aGVHD and graft composition was analyzed by comparing the differences of graft components between the 2 groups.
Results: Fourteen out of 57 patients had grade Ⅱ-Ⅳ aGVHD and the other 43 did not have grade Ⅱ-Ⅳ aGVHD. The mononuclear cells, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, NK cells, NKT cells, B cells and Treg cells were not significantly different between the 2 groups (P>0.05), the CD34+ cell count in the patients with grade Ⅱ-Ⅳ aGVHD was 3.85（1.73-10.61）×106/kg, which was significantly lower than that without grade Ⅱ-ⅣaGVHD: 6.31（2.98-19.35）×106/kg (P<0.05).
Conclusions: The incidence of grade Ⅱ-Ⅳ aGVHD may be related with CD34+ cell count in AA after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation..