The role of biomarkers of endothelial activation in predicting morbidity and mortality in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock in intensive care: A prospective observational study

Abstract

Introduction: Endothelial dysfunction plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of sepsis. The study aimed to illustrate the associations between the dynamic change (from day 1 to day 7) in biomarker concentration of endothelial dysfunction and outcomes in severe sepsis and septic shock in the intensive care unit (ICU).

Materials and methods: We studied 102 patients enrolled in the Beijing Chao-yang Hospital affiliated with the Capital Medical University. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to assess the prognostic values of the circulating adhesion Angiopoietin-2/Angiopoietin-1 ratio (Ang-2/Ang-1) and Angiopoietin-1/Tie-2 ratio (Ang-1/Tie-2), intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 and thrombomodulin (TM). Spearman's rank correlation and a multiple regression analysis were used to assess the relationship between the change in sequential organ failure assessment (Δ SOFA) score (SOFA score at day 7 minus SOFA score at day 1) and the levels of Δ Ang-2/Ang-1 and Δ Ang-1/Tie-2 ratios, ΔsICAM-1, ΔsVCAM-1 and Δ sTM.

Results: The Ang-2/Ang-1 ratio, sICAM-1, sVCAM-1 and sTM levels significantly increased from day 1 to day 7 (all p = 0.045), and the Ang-1/Tie-2 ratio level markedly decreased from day 1 and day 7 (p = 0.027) in non-survivors. The biomarkers at Days 1 and 7 had significant prognostic value for 90-day mortality in severe sepsis and septic shock in ICU. The difference in biomarkers for endothelial dysfunction were suggested to be effective, independent predictors of changes in Δ SOFA.

Conclusions: Endothelial dysfunction may constitute an independent contributor to sepsis-associated outcomes in ICU.

Keywords: Endothelial biomarkers; Endothelial dysfunction; ICU; Organ dysfunction; Sepsis.