Protective Propensity of Race or Environmental Features in the Development of Barrett's Esophagus in African Americans - A Single Center Pilot Study

J Natl Med Assoc. 2019 Apr;111(2):198-201. doi: 10.1016/j.jnma.2018.09.008. Epub 2018 Oct 23.

Abstract

Background and study aims: Barrett's Esophagus (BE) is a well-recognized pre-malignant condition. Previous data indicate histologically confirmed BE frequency varies by ethnicity in the United States. However, clinical factor assessment to explain this has only occurred in a veteran population to date. The study aim was to determine which clinical factors may be associated with the ethnic variation seen in histologically confirmed BE among a general population.

Patients and methods: The University of Florida-Jacksonville endoscopy database was searched for all cases of endoscopic BE from September 2002 to October 2012. Histologic BE was diagnosed only if salmon colored, columnar-appearing esophageal mucosa was seen at endoscopy and biopsy revealed intestinal metaplasia with Alcian blue-stained goblet cells. Data collected included: age/BMI at diagnosis, ethnicity, sex, GERD history, atypical manifestations, endoscopic BE length, presence of esophageal stricture/ulcer/hiatal hernia, presence/absence of dysplasia and medication use (aspirin/NSAIDs/statin/PPI).

Results: Salmon colored esophageal mucosa was observed in 1105 of 15,564 patients (7.1%) with BE histologically confirmed in 249 of 1105 patients (23%). Ethnic distribution of histologic BE patients: 83% non-Hispanic white (nHw), 13% African American (AA) and 4% other. No difference was seen between groups with regard to BMI, GERD symptom/complications, BE length, and cigarette, alcohol or medication use.

Conclusion: BE occurs primarily in nHw in north Florida. This occurs despite similarities in GERD history, cigarette/alcohol use, medications prescribed and BMI. Molecular level investigation is necessary to explain this observed disparity between nHw and AA.

Keywords: Barrett's esophagus; Clinical; Ethnicity; Frequency; Risk factors.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Barrett Esophagus / diagnosis
  • Barrett Esophagus / ethnology*
  • Barrett Esophagus / pathology
  • Black or African American / statistics & numerical data*
  • Female
  • Florida / epidemiology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Pilot Projects
  • Protective Factors
  • Risk Factors
  • White People / statistics & numerical data*