Hamstring injuries are very common in sports medicine. Knowing their anatomy, morphology, innervation, and function is important to provide a proper diagnosis, treatment as well as appropriate prevention strategies. In this pictorial essay, based on anatomical dissection, the detailed anatomy of muscle-tendon complex is reviewed, including their proximal attachment, muscle course, and innervation. To illustrate hamstrings' role in the rotational control of the tibia, the essay also includes the analysis of their biomechanical function.Level of evidence V (expert opinion based on laboratory study).
Keywords: Biceps femoris; Hamstring; Hamstring anatomy; Hamstring injury; Muscle; Posterior thigh; Sciatic nerve; Semimembranosus; Semitendinosus.