Rottlerin inhibits cell growth and invasion via down-regulation of EZH2 in prostate cancer

Cell Cycle. 2018;17(21-22):2460-2473. doi: 10.1080/15384101.2018.1542897. Epub 2018 Nov 15.

Abstract

Rottlerin as a natural agent, which is isolated from Mallotus philippinensis, has been identified to play a critical role in tumor inhibition. However, the molecular mechanism of rottlerin-mediated anti-tumor activity is still ambiguous. It has been reported that EZH2 exhibits oncogenic functions in a variety of human cancers. Therefore, inhibition of EZH2 could be a promising strategy for the treatment of human cancers. In this study, we aim to explore whether rottlerin could inhibit tumorigenesis via suppression of EZH2 in prostate cancer cells. Multiple approaches such as FACS, Transwell invasion assay, RT-PCR, Western blotting, and transfection were performed to determine our aim. We found that rottlerin treatment led to inhibition of cell growth, migration and invasion, but induction of apoptosis in prostate cancer cells. Importantly, we defined that rottlerin decreased the expression of EZH2 and H3K27me3 in prostate cancer cells. Moreover, overexpression of EZH2 abrogated the rottlerin-induced inhibition of cell growth, migration, and invasion in prostate cancer cells. Consistently, down-regulation of EZH2 enhanced rottlerin-triggered anti-tumor function. Collectively, our work demonstrated that rottlerin exerted its tumor suppressive function via inhibition of EZH2 expression in prostate cancer cells. Our findings indicated that rottlerin might be a potential therapeutic compound for treating patients with prostate cancer.

Keywords: EZH2; Rottlerin; cell growth; cell invasion; prostate cancer.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Acetophenones / pharmacology*
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / pharmacology*
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Benzopyrans / pharmacology*
  • Cell Movement / drug effects*
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects*
  • Down-Regulation
  • Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein / genetics
  • Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein / metabolism*
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Neoplasm Invasiveness
  • PC-3 Cells
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / enzymology
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / genetics
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / pathology
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects

Substances

  • Acetophenones
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic
  • Benzopyrans
  • rottlerin
  • EZH2 protein, human
  • Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein

Grants and funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [81572936 and 81773186].