Abstract
A neoadjuvant approach relying on the administration of combined anti-CTLA-4-anti-PD-1 treatment before lymph node surgery is evaluated in two phase 1 trials. Encouraging clinical, pathological and immunological responses to neoadjuvant therapy were observed, suggesting that this concept warrants further exploration; however, any future approach must address the unacceptably high toxicity of the regimens evaluated in these trials.
MeSH terms
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CTLA-4 Antigen / antagonists & inhibitors*
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CTLA-4 Antigen / immunology
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Combined Modality Therapy
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Humans
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Immunotherapy*
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Lymph Nodes / pathology
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Lymph Nodes / surgery
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Melanoma / drug therapy*
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Melanoma / immunology
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Melanoma / pathology
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Melanoma / surgery
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Neoadjuvant Therapy
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Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor / antagonists & inhibitors*
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Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor / immunology
Substances
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CTLA-4 Antigen
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CTLA4 protein, human
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PDCD1 protein, human
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Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor